Chronic Kidney disease & complications

Chronic Kidney Disease is a long-term, progressive loss of kidney function over months or years, affecting the body’s ability to filter toxins and maintain fluid balance.

Causes:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Hypertension
• Chronic infections
• Genetic kidney disorders
• Autoimmune diseases
• Long-term medication use

Symptoms:

• Fatigue and weakness
• Swelling in legs or ankles
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea or vomiting
• Bone pain or anemia
• High blood pressure

Treatment:

• Blood pressure and diabetes control
• Kidney-friendly diet
• Medications to slow disease progression
• Treatment of complications (anemia, bone disease)
• Dialysis or transplant in advanced stages

Conclusion:

Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring help slow CKD progression and improve patient quality of life.